Olympic wrestling events date all the way back to the ancient Olympic Games in 708 BC and continue to be a mainstay in modern Olympic events. Wrestling is a physical individual sport, involving grappling techniques, takedowns, pins, locks, and holds. Matches are fought one-on-one with participants attempting to gain and maintain control of their competitor.

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Beach volleyball first appeared in the 1920s in California and quickly spread worldwide. A variant on traditional, indoor volleyball, beach volleyball is played in pairs and on sand courts. It made its Olympic debut in 1996 and has quickly become a must-watch event with hard spikes, exciting dives, and impressive teamwork.

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While commonly enjoyed recreationally, swimming and diving are also highly-competitive sports that are a mainstay at the Summer and Youth Olympic Games as part of the aquatics discipline that also includes water polo. Swimming participants strive to be the fastest, while divers seek a flawless routine and smooth entry into the water—there’s something for everyone in these aquatic sports.

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Sport climbing is a relatively new sport, making its Olympic debut at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games and again with adult athletes at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo. Competitors at the Youth Olympic Games compete in three disciplines—speed, bouldering, and lead—that are combined in a single ranking to decide medal winners. Top athletes focus on developing strength, endurance, and gymnastic ability—and not having a fear of heights helps, too.

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Rugby is a physically demanding sport played between two teams on a field that is similar in size to a soccer field. Teams score points by carrying or kicking the ball towards the opposing team's goal line where points are scored by grounding the ball—called a try. Meanwhile, opponents attempt to disrupt the advancement of the ball by tackling and grappling opposing players—participants do not wear any pads or gear.

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While commonly seen as an activity of leisure, canoeing and rowing are also competitive sports that first appeared at the 1936 Olympic Games. Two styles of vessels are used in the sport: canoes with one or two athletes and kayaks with one, two, or four athletes. Events range from short sprints to long marathons. Participants push their bodies to the limits, paddling fast and hard to reach the finish line first.

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The martial arts are an ancient practice, comprised of multiple self-defense and combat techniques. Some techniques focus on striking (kicking and punching), while others teach grappling and even swordsmanship. All techniques require physical stamina, coordination, and mental strength. Three martial arts techniques—karate, judo, and taekwando—are making their first Olympics appearance at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games.

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Gymnastics events range from challenging and high-flying routines on pommel horses, bars, and rings, to beautiful and rhythmic floor exercises. Gymnasts need to be strong, flexible, coordinated, and dedicated to their craft. With a wide variety of events to choose from, there’s something for athletes of all ages and skill levels in gymnastics.

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Soccer not fast enough for you? Check out futsal, a scaled-down version of soccer that’s played indoors on a hard-surface court with two teams of five on the court at a time. The game is played with a smaller and heavier version of a soccer ball and a smaller goal. With the court being a third of the size of an outdoor soccer field, Futsal is an exciting, fast-paced game that requires quick decisions and brisk ball movement.

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Basketball is one of the world’s most popular team sports, combining strategy and teamwork with athleticism and skill. At the Youth Olympic Games, basketball is played three on three with one ten-minute period on a half court with just one basket. The first team to score 21 points wins, or whoever is in the lead after the time limit. The rules are designed to make it a fast and exciting game with non-stop music to create a fun, urban-like atmosphere.

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Archery dates back to the Stone Age and is one of the oldest arts still in practice today. It initially appeared at the Olympic Games in 1900 and was included at the first Youth Olympic Games in 2010. Athletes shoot arrows at a circular target 60m away with the goal of hitting the target as close to the center as possible. The event is comprised of an individual ranking round and an Olympic matchplay round that matches the top-ranked man with the bottom-ranked woman to compete in a mixed international team competition.

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